Analysis of Dhabt and Waqf QS. An-Nisa' in the Ancient Qur'an Manuscript Belonging to Sheikh Abdurrahman Bintungan Tinggi

Abstract

This study examines the dhabt and waqf systems in the ancient Al-Qur'an manuscript of Surau Baru Bintungan Tinggi, particularly in Surah An-Nisa', which has not yet been analyzed independently in the study of Nusantara manuscripts. This manuscript shows a number of striking differences compared to the standard Indonesian Uthmani manuscript, especially in terms of reading markings such as tasydid, sukun, harakat, and mad signs, indicating the existence of a distinctive local copying tradition that did not go through an official pentashhihan process. This study uses a descriptive-comparative qualitative approach with primary data in the form of the handwritten mushaf of Sheikh Abdurrahman Bintungan Tinggi and secondary data from various related literature. The analysis was carried out through physical observation of the manuscript, identification of dhabt elements, documentation of variations in reading markings, inventory and analysis of waqf signs, and systematic comparison with the standard Indonesian mushaf. The results of the study show that this manuscript is inconsistent in the writing of tasydid, displays different uses of sukun, and shows variations in harakat—including the presence of double harakat—as well as inconsistencies in mad signs in a number of categories such as mad wajib muttashil, mad jaiz munfashil, and lafdzul jalalah. In terms of waqf, the mushaf only displays a red circle at the end of a verse to indicate a pause, without the verse number, and does not include waqf in the middle of a verse. In fact, some verse endings are not marked or are marked inconsistently.